In most aqueous solutions, titanium can form a passive oxide film on the surface. Therefore, titanium has good stability in acidic, alkaline, neutral salt solutions and oxidizing media, which is better than the current stainless steel and others The corrosion resistance of non-ferrous metals is good, even comparable to platinum. However, if the oxide film on the titanium surface can be dissolved continuously in a certain medium, the titanium will be corroded in this medium. For example, titanium will be corroded in hydrofluoric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid or hot sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and phosphoric acid, because these solutions will dissolve the oxide film on the surface of the titanium. If an oxidant or some metal ions are added to these solutions, the oxide film on the titanium surface will be protected, and the stability of titanium will be increased. Titanium and titanium alloys have many outstanding properties, such as high strength, lightweight, strong heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and so on. They are called "future metals" and are promising new structural materials. Titanium and titanium alloys not only have very important applications in aviation and aerospace industries, but also have begun to be widely used in many industrial sectors such as the chemical industry, petroleum, light industry, metallurgy, and power generation, and so on.
1. Chemical industry Titanium has good stability in various acid, alkali, and salt media, except for the above four inorganic acids and highly corrosive aluminum chloride. Therefore, titanium is a perfect material in the chemical industry. Corrosion-resistant materials. It has been more and more widely used. For example, titanium anodes and titanium wet chlorine gas coolers are used in the Chlor-alkali industry. It has received good economic results. It is known as a major revolution in the Chlor-alkali industry.
2. Petroleum Industry: titanium has great stability in organic compounds, except for five organic acids (acetic acid, formic acid, trichloroacetic acid, oxalic acid, and trifluoroacetic acid) at higher temperatures. Therefore, titanium is Excellent structural material in the petroleum refining and petrochemical industry that can be used to make various heat exchangers, reactors, high-pressure vessels, and distillation columns.
3. Metallurgical Industry: titanium is an active metal with nice inhalation. It is an outstanding degassing agent in the steelmaking industry. It can combine the oxygen and nitrogen precipitated by the steel during cooling. Adding a small amount of titanium (<0.1%) to steel can make the steel tough and elastic. Titanium is also an important alloy additive in steelmaking, aluminum making, and other industries. Titanium is superconducting and is a common superconducting material. In addition, titanium has good stability in acidic solutions containing metal ions, so titanium has a very wide range of applications in the hydrometallurgical industry, such as the electrolytic production of non-ferrous metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese.
4. Paper and textile industries
Titanium has special corrosion resistance to chlorine dioxide, chlorous acid, chlorite, and other bleaching agents. Therefore, titanium has important applications in bleaching equipment in the textile printing and dyeing industry and paper industry. For example, sub-bleaching machines made of titanium work well. At the same time, it is also used as a spinneret in industries such as synthetic fibers.
5. Fertilizer industry
Urea is important chemical fertilizer. In the production process, urea, ammonia, ammonium carbamate, and their mixture are highly corrosive under high temperature and high-pressure conditions. After replacing stainless steel with titanium, the service life of the equipment is greatly increased, and the maintenance time is greatly reduced. Therefore, the main equipment in urea production currently uses titanium.
6. Desalination and Shipbuilding Industry
The ability of titanium to resist seawater corrosion is better than that of all other metals, and titanium has special stability in static or high-speed flowing seawater. Therefore, titanium is an ideal material for desalination plants. The number of titanium applications in this field will increase. Titanium has strong corrosion resistance to seawater and marine air and has high strength and lightweight. It is an ideal structural material for the shipbuilding industry and has been widely used in many parts of various ships and deep-water submarines.
7. Electric power industry
Titanium has good stability in many corrosive hot water containing chlorides, sulfides, etc. Therefore, titanium has been widely used in thermal power plants as cooling pipes for heat exchangers. After replacing the copper-nickel alloy tube with a thin-walled titanium tube, not only the service life is greatly improved, but also the maintenance time is greatly reduced, and the economic effect is very significant.
8. Other aspects
The notable feature of titanium is that it has strong corrosion resistance. This is because it has a particularly large affinity for oxygen and can form a dense oxide film on its surface, which can protect titanium from medium corrosion. Titanium can resist the corrosion of the human body. and harmless to the human body. Therefore, it can be widely used in the medical and pharmaceutical industry sectors.
